Gender-specific trends in heart rate in the general population from 1992-2007: a study of 226,288 French adults
Identifieur interne : 004F32 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004F31; suivant : 004F33Gender-specific trends in heart rate in the general population from 1992-2007: a study of 226,288 French adults
Auteurs : Matthieu Plichart [France] ; Frederique Thomas [France] ; Jean-Philippe Empana [France] ; Kathryn Bean [France] ; Marie-Cécile Perier [France] ; David S. Celermajer [Australie] ; Olivier Hanon [France] ; Nicolas Danchin [France] ; Bruno Pannier [France] ; Xavier Jouven [France]Source :
- European journal of preventive cardiology : (Print) [ 2047-4873 ] ; 2013.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- geographic : France.
- topic : Homme, Santé publique, Adulte.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Objectives: Heart rate (HR) has been associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and with CV mortality. Trends in CV risk factors have been described in recent decades, but HR changes over time have been less studied. We thus aimed to examine the secular trends in HR and interrelationships between HR and traditional CV risk factors and mortality. Methods: We studied 226,288 consecutive participants (141,533 men and 84,755 women) aged 44.7 ± 12.7 years who had a free standard health check up, between 1992 and 2007. Each had resting HR measured systematically on a 10-cycle electrocardiogram, and assessment of lipoproteins, blood pressure, smoking, glyacemic status, body mass index, and physical activity. Sex-specific trends in mean HR were estimated by a general linear model adjusted for traditional CV risk factors and CV treatment. In that model, year was considered as a continuous variable. Results: Crude mean HR decreased over the study period (from 68.9 ± 10.4 to 63.7 ± 9.0 beats/min in men; from 72.2 ± 10.3 to 65.2 ± 9.0 beats/min in women; p < 0.001 for both). The amplitude of the HR decrease was similar after full adjustment and across the pre-cited risk factors categories. On multivariate analysis, higher HR (>80 beats/min vs. <60 beats/min) was associated with higher mortality rate over 5 years in men (hazard ratio 2.11, 95% Cl 1.79-2.49) and women (hazard ratio 1.58, 95% Cl 1.16-2.15). Conclusion: In this large population-based study of 226,288 middle-aged participants, heart rate declined over 16 years independently of traditional CV risk factors.
Affiliations:
- Australie, France
- Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Île-de-France
- Paris, Sydney
- Université Paris-Descartes, Université de Sydney
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Le document en format XML
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Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Broca</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Frederique" sort="Thomas, Frederique" uniqKey="Thomas F" first="Frederique" last="Thomas">Frederique Thomas</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>IPC Center</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Empana, Jean Philippe" sort="Empana, Jean Philippe" uniqKey="Empana J" first="Jean-Philippe" last="Empana">Jean-Philippe Empana</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>INSERM, U970</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Paris-Descartes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bean, Kathryn" sort="Bean, Kathryn" uniqKey="Bean K" first="Kathryn" last="Bean">Kathryn Bean</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>IPC Center</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perier, Marie Cecile" sort="Perier, Marie Cecile" uniqKey="Perier M" first="Marie-Cécile" last="Perier">Marie-Cécile Perier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>INSERM, U970</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Paris-Descartes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Celermajer, David S" sort="Celermajer, David S" uniqKey="Celermajer D" first="David S." last="Celermajer">David S. Celermajer</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>University of Sydney</s1><s2>Sydney</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hanon, Olivier" sort="Hanon, Olivier" uniqKey="Hanon O" first="Olivier" last="Hanon">Olivier Hanon</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Paris-Descartes</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Broca</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>IPC Center</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Danchin, Nicolas" sort="Danchin, Nicolas" uniqKey="Danchin N" first="Nicolas" last="Danchin">Nicolas Danchin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Paris-Descartes</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>IPC Center</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pannier, Bruno" sort="Pannier, Bruno" uniqKey="Pannier B" first="Bruno" last="Pannier">Bruno Pannier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>IPC Center</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jouven, Xavier" sort="Jouven, Xavier" uniqKey="Jouven X" first="Xavier" last="Jouven">Xavier Jouven</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>INSERM, U970</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Paris-Descartes</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">European journal of preventive cardiology : (Print)</title><idno type="ISSN">2047-4873</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">European journal of preventive cardiology : (Print)</title><idno type="ISSN">2047-4873</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>1992</term><term>2007</term><term>Adult</term><term>Atherosclerosis</term><term>Cardiac frequency</term><term>Cardiovascular disease</term><term>Cardiovascular risk</term><term>Epidemiology</term><term>France</term><term>French</term><term>Heart rate</term><term>Human</term><term>Public health</term><term>Risk factor</term><term>Sex</term><term>Trend</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Athérosclérose</term><term>Pathologie de l'appareil circulatoire</term><term>Sexe</term><term>Tendance</term><term>Rythme cardiaque</term><term>Fréquence cardiaque</term><term>Homme</term><term>1992</term><term>2007</term><term>Santé publique</term><term>France</term><term>Français</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Facteur risque</term><term>Risque cardiovasculaire</term><term>Epidémiologie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>France</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Homme</term><term>Santé publique</term><term>Adulte</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Objectives: Heart rate (HR) has been associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and with CV mortality. Trends in CV risk factors have been described in recent decades, but HR changes over time have been less studied. We thus aimed to examine the secular trends in HR and interrelationships between HR and traditional CV risk factors and mortality. Methods: We studied 226,288 consecutive participants (141,533 men and 84,755 women) aged 44.7 ± 12.7 years who had a free standard health check up, between 1992 and 2007. Each had resting HR measured systematically on a 10-cycle electrocardiogram, and assessment of lipoproteins, blood pressure, smoking, glyacemic status, body mass index, and physical activity. Sex-specific trends in mean HR were estimated by a general linear model adjusted for traditional CV risk factors and CV treatment. In that model, year was considered as a continuous variable. Results: Crude mean HR decreased over the study period (from 68.9 ± 10.4 to 63.7 ± 9.0 beats/min in men; from 72.2 ± 10.3 to 65.2 ± 9.0 beats/min in women; p < 0.001 for both). The amplitude of the HR decrease was similar after full adjustment and across the pre-cited risk factors categories. On multivariate analysis, higher HR (>80 beats/min vs. <60 beats/min) was associated with higher mortality rate over 5 years in men (hazard ratio 2.11, 95% Cl 1.79-2.49) and women (hazard ratio 1.58, 95% Cl 1.16-2.15). Conclusion: In this large population-based study of 226,288 middle-aged participants, heart rate declined over 16 years independently of traditional CV risk factors.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li></country><region><li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Paris</li><li>Sydney</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Paris-Descartes</li><li>Université de Sydney</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Plichart, Matthieu" sort="Plichart, Matthieu" uniqKey="Plichart M" first="Matthieu" last="Plichart">Matthieu Plichart</name></region><name sortKey="Bean, Kathryn" sort="Bean, Kathryn" uniqKey="Bean K" first="Kathryn" last="Bean">Kathryn Bean</name><name sortKey="Danchin, Nicolas" sort="Danchin, Nicolas" uniqKey="Danchin N" first="Nicolas" last="Danchin">Nicolas Danchin</name><name sortKey="Danchin, Nicolas" sort="Danchin, Nicolas" uniqKey="Danchin N" first="Nicolas" last="Danchin">Nicolas Danchin</name><name sortKey="Danchin, Nicolas" sort="Danchin, Nicolas" uniqKey="Danchin N" first="Nicolas" last="Danchin">Nicolas Danchin</name><name sortKey="Empana, Jean Philippe" sort="Empana, Jean Philippe" uniqKey="Empana J" first="Jean-Philippe" last="Empana">Jean-Philippe Empana</name><name sortKey="Empana, Jean Philippe" sort="Empana, Jean Philippe" uniqKey="Empana J" first="Jean-Philippe" last="Empana">Jean-Philippe Empana</name><name sortKey="Hanon, Olivier" sort="Hanon, Olivier" uniqKey="Hanon O" first="Olivier" last="Hanon">Olivier Hanon</name><name sortKey="Hanon, Olivier" sort="Hanon, Olivier" uniqKey="Hanon O" first="Olivier" last="Hanon">Olivier Hanon</name><name sortKey="Hanon, Olivier" sort="Hanon, Olivier" uniqKey="Hanon O" first="Olivier" last="Hanon">Olivier Hanon</name><name sortKey="Jouven, Xavier" sort="Jouven, Xavier" uniqKey="Jouven X" first="Xavier" last="Jouven">Xavier Jouven</name><name sortKey="Jouven, Xavier" sort="Jouven, Xavier" uniqKey="Jouven X" first="Xavier" last="Jouven">Xavier Jouven</name><name sortKey="Jouven, Xavier" sort="Jouven, Xavier" uniqKey="Jouven X" first="Xavier" last="Jouven">Xavier Jouven</name><name sortKey="Pannier, Bruno" sort="Pannier, Bruno" uniqKey="Pannier B" first="Bruno" last="Pannier">Bruno Pannier</name><name sortKey="Perier, Marie Cecile" sort="Perier, Marie Cecile" uniqKey="Perier M" first="Marie-Cécile" last="Perier">Marie-Cécile Perier</name><name sortKey="Perier, Marie Cecile" sort="Perier, Marie Cecile" uniqKey="Perier M" first="Marie-Cécile" last="Perier">Marie-Cécile Perier</name><name sortKey="Plichart, Matthieu" sort="Plichart, Matthieu" uniqKey="Plichart M" first="Matthieu" last="Plichart">Matthieu Plichart</name><name sortKey="Plichart, Matthieu" sort="Plichart, Matthieu" uniqKey="Plichart M" first="Matthieu" last="Plichart">Matthieu Plichart</name><name sortKey="Thomas, Frederique" sort="Thomas, Frederique" uniqKey="Thomas F" first="Frederique" last="Thomas">Frederique Thomas</name></country><country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Celermajer, David S" sort="Celermajer, David S" uniqKey="Celermajer D" first="David S." last="Celermajer">David S. 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